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But you can have a single church with multiple congregations that each have a significant degree of autonomy. In that case you probably still need some sort of central board that oversees the entire church, and a separate leadership group for each congregation. If there is no overall leadership team, then I don't know how you can call it a single church. Then the question becomes, "What degree of autonomy does each congregation have?" Different churches will answer that question differently.
Helen - I do wish to thank you for your writings over the years. I purchased the book: 'Growing Healthy Asian American Churches" many months ago, but I am sorry to say that I have been so busy with my project paper and pastoring. You have given me another reason to finish it!
Ken - I really appreciate your comments. Over the years, I have been creatively trying to come up with new "one" church models for the English-language congregations that I have served. My premise has been that there is a possibility that 1st generation and 2nd generation congregations may be able to achieve more by staying together, than by separating and becoming two churches with minimal inter-relationship.
One of the challenges to a "one" church approach relates the question of structure. For example, from a denominational perspective, English-language congregations in "immigrant" churches in North America are almost invisible. Everyone knows the church as the "Korean" or "Chinese" church. Few non-Asian denominational officials seem to understand where such churches "find" their English ministry pastors, or comprehend how the local church is caring for them and the English congregations that they serve. I could say much about the scenarios for conflict that result, but you probably are just as aware of them as I am.
I am intrigued by the idea of having our denomination formally recognize the English congregation of our church. One advantage might be, for example, that the English language congregation would have a more mature identity in terms of their relationship to the Korean language congregation. A problem that I have noticed in churches such as ours is that first generation Christians genuinely do not know how to regard the English congregation. Should it be seen as an another "department" of the church: e.g. Sunday School, Youth Ministry, English Ministry? Or, should the English congregation be given a special status that is different from all other departments of ministry? What role of supervision should the 1st generation senior pastor have in relation to the English pastor? To whom is the English congregation accountable? By formalizing the autonomy denominationally, it would seem to me that both our Korean and English members would have a more mature structure that better recognizes the uniqueness of our multi-congregations and would help us relate to one another laterally, rather than top-down.
Another thought is that I really wish to move away from merely a "landlord-tenant" model. Thus, if our congregations are autonomous, our Korean and English language ministries should develop multiple areas of mutual ministry. I am especially interested in possibilities of evangelism, both here and around the world. If all we eventually do is "manage the facilities", then it will be a sorry waste of the talents, gifts and resources that God has granted us.
My own church has gone through a fairly typical evolution. I found some old mailboxes on the wall which were labeled only in Chinese. There were various church departments listed there, and at the bottom "English Fellowship." So at that point the English ministry was seen as one department among many in the church. That was probably the best structure in the beginning, but we have grown beyond that. Our current mailbox has three sections: English Ministry, Chinese Ministry, and a common section for things like the finance dept. So we are in a "parallel mode" of ministry between the two congregations. We currently do not have a senior pastor. I am the English Lead Pastor and I work as an equal alongside the the Chinese Lead Pastor. We both answer to the board. The Chinese Lead Pastor and I meet several times a month for coffee, and we have been talking about how we can create greater synergy between the two congregations.
I should add that we are not part of a denomination, so the only structure that we have to be concerned about is our own local church structure.
At one time I was supposed to start a D.Miss. at Western, and so I am so happy to hear from you. When you are finshed the dissertation, I would love to see it. I subscribe to TREN, so I should be able to get it from them. My project paper is: "Cross-cultural Humor as God's Gift for Church Growth in North America." I am trying to subtly give Christians a kick in the butt, telling them that they have no reason but to get involved in multi-ethnic evangelism.
With your church, it is encouraging to hear of your partnership with the Chinese-speaking congregation. Based solely on what you have described, it would seem that the composition and priorities of your Board are critical. One challenge that has always concerned me is: "When I leave this church, will the English/Chinese partnership grow or wither?" "How can I build this partnership so that it is not so dependent on the personalities/vision of the current leaders?"
I think that the relationship among the leaders, especially the pastors, is vital. If the leaders don't get along, then no matter what the structure is there will be many problems. But if the leaders have a good relationship, then almost any structure can be made to work, although some structures will be more effective than others.
But you are right to think about succession. If the harmonious working relationship between the two congregations depends solely on the relationship and vision of the two pastors, then when they are gone it might all fall apart. The board members and other lay leaders need to share a common vision for congregations that relate in a healthy way, and they need to nurture a culture to support it. I have been slowly learning that one of my most important jobs as a spiritual leader is to shape and nurture the church culture.